![]() He was recognized by several awards and honors including membership in the US National Academy of Medicine, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Richard R. He was one of the two PI’s of the Human Connectome Project and one of the fourteen members of the first BRAIN Initiative working group. This body of work has culminated in pioneering accomplishments, such as the co-introduction of functional brain imaging (fMRI), the introduction and development of ultrahigh magnetic fields (defined as ≥7 Tesla), functional mapping of columnar and layer specific functional responses in the human brain, highly accelerated functional brain imaging, and MR spectroscopy for studies of metabolism in vivo. His primary research focus has been the development and application of MR methods and instrumentation towards obtaining high spatiotemporal resolution and high accuracy functional and anatomical information in the human brain, and the development of ultrahigh magnetic fields for human imaging for biomedical research in general. He was recruited to the University of Minnesota in 1982 where his research in magnetic resonance led to the evolution of his laboratory into an interdepartmental and interdisciplinary research center, the CMRR. Ugurbil joined AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1977, and subsequently returned to Columbia as a faculty member in 1979. ![]() degrees in physics, and chemical physics, respectively, at Columbia University, New York, N.Y., Prof. We hypothesized that in the presence of excess chloride a palladate complex may form and promote the aza-Wacker oxidation, which would occur through an anti-Markovnikov selective trans-aminopalladation with the relatively large phthalimide nucleophile attacking the coordinated alkene to form the less hindered C–N bond.Kamil Ugurbil currently holds the McKnight Presidential Endowed Chair Professorship and is the founding Director of the Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR) at the University of Minnesota. ![]() While two different regioisomeric products are possible, unactivated alkenes undergo oxidative amination to afford the Markovnikov product – where the new C–N bond is formed at the more substituted carbon of the alkene. Further, it couples two easily accessible starting materials and, when O 2 is used as the oxidant, an equivalent of H 2O is the only byproduct. The oxidative amination of alkenes, also known as the aza-Wacker oxidation, is an excellent approach for the synthesis of a new C–N bond while simultaneously oxidizing the substrate and thus reestablishing an alkene for subsequent functionalization. Additionally, we have shown the regiodivergent hydrothiolation of allyl amines, where depending on the catalyst employed either the Markovnikov or anti-Markovnikov product is formed selectively.Īlthough directing groups are an excellent approach to promoting a regioselective hydrofunctionalization reaction, we are also interested in developing a catalyst controlled approach that does not rely on a prefunctionalized substrate. We have successfully demonstrated this strategy for the Markovnikov selective hydroamination of allyl imines and anti-Markovnikov selective hydroamination of homoallylic amines. Therefore the tether length, Lewis basic group, and catalyst can influence selectivity for either the Markovnikov or anti-Markovnikov product. Additionally, the Lewis basic group should direct the nucleometallation to form the favored metallacycle. First, the Lewis basic site binds to the metal, prior to functionalization of the olefin, and increases its concentration relative to the catalyst, promoting its coordination. Incorporation of this coordinating group has several advantages. Our initial efforts towards developing a selective hydrofunctionalization reaction utilize olefinic substrates bearing Lewis basic groups (L~C=C). Given this potential versatility and utility, the development of intermolecular, regio-, chemo-, and stereoselective hydrofunctionalization reactions represents an unmet need in synthetic chemistry. The selective addition of X–H across a C=C multiple bond would allow for the single step installation of diverse functionalities from readily available starting materials. Despite the prevalence of C–X (X = N, S, O) bonds in pharmaceuticals, their selective incorporation into organic compounds is often both time- and resource- consuming.
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